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Property and debts — married couples

Steps to Justice / CLEO

Source sectionProperty and debts — married couples
Source checked2026-08-08
Related explanation
Substantive

Property and equalization for married spouses

Court: Superior Court of Justice

Ontario’s Family Law Act generally uses an equalization calculation for married spouses rather than simply dividing every asset in half.

When a marriage ends, Ontario’s Family Law Act provides an equalization system based on each spouse’s net family property. Property is identified and valued according to the statutory rules, including property owned on the valuation date, debts and liabilities, permitted date-of-marriage deductions and excluded property. The resulting equalization payment is intended to share the growth in the spouses’ net family property as the Act requires.

This is different from saying that every asset is jointly owned or must be physically divided. Ownership, possession and equalization can be separate questions. Common-law partners do not automatically use the married-spouse equalization regime, although they may have other property claims based on ownership, contract or equitable principles.

Source summary

What this source covers

Steps to Justice provides plain-language information about property and debt issues for married spouses after separation.

Key points

Married spouses use Ontario’s equalization system

Steps to Justice explains the basic net-family-property and equalization framework for married spouses and links users to more detailed information about the matrimonial home, debts and exclusions.

For exact wording, dates, exceptions and current requirements, read the original source. Binding law and court directions take priority over explanatory material.

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Law and rules

Related official provisions

Section 2

expenses that exceed those that the spouse requesting an amount for the extraordinary expenses can reasonably cover, taking into account that spouse’s income and the amount that the spouse would receive under the applicable table or, where the court has determined that the table amount is inappropriate, the amount that the court has otherwise determined is appropriate; or (b) where paragraph (a) is not applicable, expenses that the court considers are extraordinary taking into account (i) the amount of the expense in relation to the income of the spouse requesting the amount, including the amount that the spouse would receive under the applicable table or, where the court has determined that the table amount is inappropriate, the amount that the court has otherwise determined is appropriate, (ii) the nature and number of the educational programs and extracurricular activities, (iii) any special needs and talents of the child or children, (iv) the overall cost of the programs and activities, and (v) any other similar factor that the court considers relevant.…

Department of Justice CanadaSOR/97-175
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Section 1

Definitions2(1)In this Act,age of majority, in respect of a child, means the age of majority as determined by the laws of the province where the child habitually resides, or, if the child habitually resides outside of Canada, eighteen years of age; (majeur)appellate court, in respect of an appeal from a court, means the court exercising appellate jurisdiction with respect to that appeal; (cour d’appel)applicable guidelines means(a)if both spouses or former spouses are habitually resident in the same province at the time an application is made for a child support order or for a variation order in respect of a child support order or the amount of a child support is to be calculated or recalculated under section 25.01 or 25.1, and that province has been designated by an order made under subsection (5), the laws of the province specified in the order, and(b)in any other case, the Federal Child Support Guidelines; (lignes directrices applicables)child of the marriage means a child of two spouses or former spouses who, at the material time,(a)is under the age of majority and wh…

Department of Justice CanadaR.S.C., 1985, c. 3 (2nd Supp.)
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Section 2

Definitions 2 (1) In this Act, (a) if both spouses or former spouses are habitually resident in the same province at the time an application is made for a child support order or for a variation order in respect of a child support order or the amount of a child support is to be calculated or recalculated under section 25.01 or 25.1, and that province has been designated by an order made under subsection (5), the laws of the province specified in the order, and (b) (a) is under the age of majority and who has not withdrawn from their charge, or (b) (a) for the Province of Ontario, the Superior Court of Justice, (a.1) for the Province of Newfoundland and Labrador, the Trial Division of the Supreme Court of the Province, (b) for the Province of Quebec, the Superior Court, (c) for the Provinces of Nova Scotia, British Columbia and Prince Edward Island, the Supreme Court of the Province, (d) for the Province of New Brunswick, Manitoba, Saskatchewan or Alberta, the Court of Queen’s Bench for the Province, and (e)…

Department of Justice CanadaR.S.C., 1985, c. 3 (2nd Supp.)
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Section 6

Divorce8(1)A court of competent jurisdiction may, on application by either or both spouses, grant a divorce to the spouse or spouses on the ground that there has been a breakdown of their marriage.Breakdown of marriage(2)Breakdown of a marriage is established only if(a)the spouses have lived separate and apart for at least one year immediately preceding the determination of the divorce proceeding and were living separate and apart at the commencement of the proceeding; or(b)the spouse against whom the divorce proceeding is brought has, since celebration of the marriage,(i)committed adultery, or(ii)treated the other spouse with physical or mental cruelty of such a kind as to render intolerable the continued cohabitation of the spouses.Calculation of period of separation(3)For the purposes of paragraph (2)(a),(a)spouses shall be deemed to have lived separate and apart for any period during which they lived apart and either of them had the intention to live separate and apart from the other; and(b)a period during which spouses have lived separate and apart shall not be considered to hav…

Department of Justice CanadaR.S.C., 1985, c. 3 (2nd Supp.)
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Section 8

Child support order15.1(1)A court of competent jurisdiction may, on application by either or both spouses, make an order requiring a spouse to pay for the support of any or all children of the marriage.Interim order(2)Where an application is made under subsection (1), the court may, on application by either or both spouses, make an interim order requiring a spouse to pay for the support of any or all children of the marriage, pending the determination of the application under subsection (1).Guidelines apply(3)A court making an order under subsection (1) or an interim order under subsection (2) shall do so in accordance with the applicable guidelines.Terms and conditions(4)The court may make an order under subsection (1) or an interim order under subsection (2) for a definite or indefinite period or until a specified event occurs, and may impose terms, conditions or restrictions in connection with the order or interim order as it thinks fit and just.Court may take agreement, etc., into account(5)Notwithstanding subsection (3), a court may award an amount that is different from the amo…

Department of Justice CanadaR.S.C., 1985, c. 3 (2nd Supp.)
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Section 14

Variation order17(1)A court of competent jurisdiction may make an order varying, rescinding or suspending, retroactively or prospectively,(a)a support order or any provision of one, on application by either or both former spouses;(b)a parenting order or any provision of one, on application by(i)either or both former spouses, or(ii)a person, other than a former spouse, who is a parent of the child, stands in the place of a parent or intends to stand in the place of a parent; or(c)a contact order or any provision of one, on application by a person to whom the order relates.Leave of the court(2)A person to whom the parenting order in question does not relate may make an application under subparagraph (1)(b)(ii) only with leave of the court.Variation of parenting order(2.1)If the court makes a variation order in respect of a contact order, it may make an order varying the parenting order to take into account that variation order, and subsections (3) and (11) apply as a consequence with any necessary modifications.Variation of contact order(2.2)If the court makes a variation order in resp…

Department of Justice CanadaR.S.C., 1985, c. 3 (2nd Supp.)
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Related subjects:Property and finances
Further reading

Related rules, forms and explanations

Binding official sourceLaw / rule

Family Law Act

Ontario’s Family Law Act contains provincial law concerning family property, the matrimonial home, support and domestic contracts.

Government of OntarioFamily Law ActSource checked 2026-08-08
Binding official sourceLaw / rule

Family Law Act

Official Ontario statute addressing family property and equalization, support, domestic contracts and related family-law matters.

Government of OntarioFull ActSource checked 2026-08-07
Official court procedureOfficial form

Election of Surviving Spouse

Official Ontario family-law form or related court document: Election of Surviving Spouse. Its use depends on the governing rule, the issues in the case and any applicable court directions.

Key points

What this is

Ontario Court Services lists this family-law document as “Election of Surviving Spouse”.

Current official version

The current English version is version dated 2017-04-09 and effective 2017-04-09.

How to use this form

Read the form together with the current Family Law Rules and any applicable court orders, notices and practice directions. The governing rule determines when the form is required and how it is used.

Ontario Court ServicesFamily Law Act forms — Election of Surviving SpouseSource checked 2026-08-08
Official court procedureOfficial form

Family Law Act forms

Ontario Court Services provides an official family-related collection for family law act forms.

Ontario Court ServicesFamily-related forms and document collectionsSource checked 2026-08-08
Official court procedureCourt guide

Financial disclosure in Superior Court family cases

The Superior Court guide explains financial statements and supporting financial documents and points to Rule 13 and the Child Support Guidelines where applicable.

Key points

Financial disclosure is normally required for support and property issues

The Superior Court guide states that claims involving child support and expenses, spousal support or property division normally require financial information and supporting documents to be provided to the other party and the court.

Rule 13 is the main Family Law Rule for financial disclosure

The guide points to Rule 13 and, where child support is involved, the Child Support Guidelines. Delayed or incomplete disclosure can delay the case and may affect costs.

Ontario Superior Court of JusticeWhat is “financial disclosure”?Source checked 2026-08-08
Official court procedureOfficial form

Form 13.1: Financial Statement (Property and Support Claims)

Official Ontario family-law form or related court document: Financial Statement (Property and Support Claims). Its use depends on the governing rule, the issues in the case and any applicable court directions.

Key points

What this is

Ontario Court Services lists this as Form 13.1, “Financial Statement (Property and Support Claims)”.

Current official version

The current English version is version dated 2021-04-30 and effective 2021-08-31.

How to use this form

Read the form together with the current Family Law Rules and any applicable court orders, notices and practice directions. The governing rule determines when the form is required and how it is used.

Ontario Court ServicesFamily Law Rules Forms — Form 13.1 — Financial Statement (Property and Support Claims)Source checked 2026-08-08
Official court procedureOfficial form

Form 13B: Net Family Property Statement

Official Ontario family-law form or related court document: Net Family Property Statement. Its use depends on the governing rule, the issues in the case and any applicable court directions.

Key points

What this is

Ontario Court Services lists this as Form 13B, “Net Family Property Statement”.

Current official version

The current English version is version dated 2009-05-14 and effective 2009-08-18.

How to use this form

Read the form together with the current Family Law Rules and any applicable court orders, notices and practice directions. The governing rule determines when the form is required and how it is used.

Ontario Court ServicesFamily Law Rules Forms — Form 13B — Net Family Property StatementSource checked 2026-08-08
Official court procedureOfficial form

Form 13C: Comparison of Net Family Property Statements

Official Ontario family-law form or related court document: Comparison of Net Family Property Statements. Its use depends on the governing rule, the issues in the case and any applicable court directions.

Key points

What this is

Ontario Court Services lists this as Form 13C, “Comparison of Net Family Property Statements”.

Current official version

The current English version is version dated 2021-04-30 and effective 2021-08-31.

How to use this form

Read the form together with the current Family Law Rules and any applicable court orders, notices and practice directions. The governing rule determines when the form is required and how it is used.

Ontario Court ServicesFamily Law Rules Forms — Form 13C — Comparison of Net Family Property StatementsSource checked 2026-08-08
Official court procedureOfficial form

Form 29A: Notice of Garnishment (Lump-Sum Debt)

Official Ontario family-law form or related court document: Notice of Garnishment (Lump-Sum Debt). Its use depends on the governing rule, the issues in the case and any applicable court directions.

Key points

What this is

Ontario Court Services lists this as Form 29A, “Notice of Garnishment (Lump-Sum Debt)”.

Current official version

The current English version is version dated 2016-04-11 and effective 2016-06-30.

How to use this form

Read the form together with the current Family Law Rules and any applicable court orders, notices and practice directions. The governing rule determines when the form is required and how it is used.

Ontario Court ServicesFamily Law Rules Forms — Form 29A — Notice of Garnishment (Lump-Sum Debt)Source checked 2026-08-08